- (Topic 1)
When teaching a sex education class, the nurse identifies the most common STDs in the United States as:
Correct Answer:A
(A) Chlamydia trachomatis infection is the most common STD in the United States. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommend screening of all high-risk women, such as adolescents and women with multiple sex partners. (B) Herpes simplex genitalia is estimated to be found in 5–20 million people in the United States and is rising in occurrence yearly. (C) Syphilis is a chronic infection caused by Treponema pallidum. Over the last several years the number of people infected has begun to increase. (D) Gonorrhea is a bacterial infection caused by the organism Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Although gonorrhea is common, chlamydia is still the most common STD.
- (Topic 3)
When planning care for the passive-aggressive client, the nurse includes the following goal:
Correct Answer:B
(A) Ceasing to use humor and sarcasm is a more appropriate goal, because this client uses these behaviors covertly to express aggression instead of being open with anger. (B) Use of ??I?? messages demonstrates proper use of assertive behavior to express anger instead of passive-aggressive behavior. (C) Client is expected to complete share of work in therapeutic community because he has often obstructed other??s efforts by failing to do his share. (D) Client has used conveniently forgetting or withholding information as a passive- aggressive behavior, which is not acceptable.
- (Topic 4)
The primary focus of nursing interventions for the child experiencing sickle cell crisis is aimed toward:
Correct Answer:A
(A) Maintaining the hydration level is the focus for nursing intervention because dehydration enhances the sickling process. Both oral and parenteral fluids are used. (B) The pain is a result of the sickling process. Analgesics or narcotics will be used for symptom relief, but the underlying cause of the pain will be resolved with hydration. (C) Serious bacterial infections may result owing to splenic dysfunction. This is true at all times, not just during the acute period of a crisis. (D) O2 therapy is used for symptomatic relief of the hypoxia resulting from the sickling process. Hydration is the primary intervention to alleviate the dehydration that enhances the sickling process.
- (Topic 5)
A client has renal failure. Today??s lab values indicate he has an elevated serum potassium. What additional priority information does the nurse need to obtain?
Correct Answer:B
(A) The level of consciousness is not affected by elevated potassium levels. (B) An electrocardiogram (EKG) can tell the nurse whether this client is experiencing any cardiac dysfunction or arrhythmias related to the elevated potassium level. (C) Measurement of the urine output is not a priority nursing action at this time. (D) The client??s serum potassium values for the past several days may provide information about his renal function, but they are not a priority at this time.
- (Topic 4)
A 50-year-old depressed client has recently lost his job. He has been reluctant to leave his hospital room. Nursing care would include:
Correct Answer:C
(A) The client should be encouraged to attend the unit activities. The nurse and client should choose a few activities for the client to attend that will be positive experiences for him. (B) The nurse should encourage the client to discuss his feelings and to begin to deal with the depression. (C) Depressed persons often have little appetite and poor fluid intake. Constipation is common. (D) A calm, consistent level of stimuli is most effective. Sensory deprivation and overstimulation should be avoided.